Changes between Version 1 and Version 2 of WikiStart


Ignore:
Timestamp:
10/31/09 23:36:34 (15 years ago)
Author:
Rick van der Zwet
Comment:

--

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  • WikiStart

    v1 v2  
    1 = Welcome to Trac 0.11.4 =
    2 
    3 Trac is a '''minimalistic''' approach to '''web-based''' management of
    4 '''software projects'''. Its goal is to simplify effective tracking and handling of software issues, enhancements and overall progress.
    5 
    6 All aspects of Trac have been designed with the single goal to
    7 '''help developers write great software''' while '''staying out of the way'''
    8 and imposing as little as possible on a team's established process and
    9 culture.
    10 
    11 As all Wiki pages, this page is editable, this means that you can
    12 modify the contents of this page simply by using your
    13 web-browser. Simply click on the "Edit this page" link at the bottom
    14 of the page. WikiFormatting will give you a detailed description of
    15 available Wiki formatting commands.
    16 
    17 "[wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] ''yourenvdir'' initenv" created
    18 a new Trac environment, containing a default set of wiki pages and some sample
    19 data. This newly created environment also contains
    20 [wiki:TracGuide documentation] to help you get started with your project.
    21 
    22 You can use [wiki:TracAdmin trac-admin] to configure
    23 [http://trac.edgewall.org/ Trac] to better fit your project, especially in
    24 regard to ''components'', ''versions'' and ''milestones''.
    25 
    26 
    27 TracGuide is a good place to start.
    28 
    29 Enjoy! [[BR]]
    30 ''The Trac Team''
     1{{{
     2#!html
     3<div class="ARTICLE">
     4<div class="TITLEPAGE">
     5<h1 class="TITLE"><a id="AEN2" name="AEN2">FreeBSD 8.0-CURRENT README</a></h1>
     6
     7<h3 class="CORPAUTHOR">The FreeBSD Project</h3>
     8
     9<p class="COPYRIGHT">Copyright &copy; 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007,
     102008 The FreeBSD Documentation Project</p>
     11
     12<p class="PUBDATE">$FreeBSD: src/release/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/readme/article.sgml,v
     131.41.2.1.2.1 2009/10/25 01:10:29 kensmith Exp $<br />
     14</p>
     15
     16<div class="LEGALNOTICE"><a id="TRADEMARKS" name="TRADEMARKS"></a>
     17<p>FreeBSD is a registered trademark of the FreeBSD Foundation.</p>
     18
     19<p>Intel, Celeron, EtherExpress, i386, i486, Itanium, Pentium, and Xeon are trademarks or
     20registered trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the United States and
     21other countries.</p>
     22
     23<p>Motif, OSF/1, and UNIX are registered trademarks and IT DialTone and The Open Group
     24are trademarks of The Open Group in the United States and other countries.</p>
     25
     26<p>Sparc, Sparc64, SPARCEngine, and UltraSPARC are trademarks of SPARC International, Inc
     27in the United States and other countries. Products bearing SPARC trademarks are based
     28upon architecture developed by Sun Microsystems, Inc.</p>
     29
     30<p>Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their
     31products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this document, and
     32the FreeBSD Project was aware of the trademark claim, the designations have been followed
     33by the &#8220;&trade;&#8221; or the &#8220;&reg;&#8221; symbol.</p>
     34</div>
     35
     36<hr />
     37</div>
     38
     39<blockquote class="ABSTRACT">
     40<div class="ABSTRACT"><a id="AEN25" name="AEN25"></a>
     41<p>This document gives a brief introduction to FreeBSD 8.0-CURRENT. It includes some
     42information on how to obtain FreeBSD, a listing of various ways to contact the FreeBSD
     43Project, and pointers to some other sources of information.</p>
     44</div>
     45</blockquote>
     46
     47<div class="SECT1">
     48<hr />
     49<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="INTRO" name="INTRO">1 Introduction</a></h2>
     50
     51<p>This distribution is a snapshot of FreeBSD 8.0-CURRENT, the latest point along the
     528-CURRENT branch.</p>
     53
     54<div class="SECT2">
     55<hr />
     56
     57<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN30" name="AEN30">1.1 About FreeBSD</a></h3>
     58
     59<p>FreeBSD is an operating system based on 4.4 BSD Lite for AMD64 and Intel EM64T based
     60PC hardware (amd64), Intel, AMD, Cyrix or NexGen &#8220;x86&#8221; based PC hardware
     61(i386), Intel Itanium Processor based computers (ia64), NEC PC-9801/9821 series PCs and
     62compatibles (pc98), and <span class="TRADEMARK">UltraSPARC</span>&reg; machines
     63(sparc64). Versions for the <span class="TRADEMARK">ARM</span>&reg; (arm), <span
     64class="TRADEMARK">MIPS</span>&reg; (mips), and <span
     65class="TRADEMARK">PowerPC</span>&reg; (powerpc) architectures are currently under
     66development as well. FreeBSD works with a wide variety of peripherals and configurations
     67and can be used for everything from software development to games to Internet Service
     68Provision.</p>
     69
     70<p>This release of FreeBSD contains everything you need to run such a system, including
     71full source code for the kernel and all utilities in the base distribution. With the
     72source distribution installed, you can literally recompile the entire system from scratch
     73with one command, making it ideal for students, researchers, or users who simply want to
     74see how it all works.</p>
     75
     76<p>A large collection of third-party ported software (the &#8220;Ports Collection&#8221;)
     77is also provided to make it easy to obtain and install all your favorite traditional
     78<span class="TRADEMARK">UNIX</span>&reg; utilities for FreeBSD. Each &#8220;port&#8221;
     79consists of a set of scripts to retrieve, configure, build, and install a piece of
     80software, with a single command. Over 20,000 ports, from editors to programming languages
     81to graphical applications, make FreeBSD a powerful and comprehensive operating
     82environment that extends far beyond what's provided by many commercial versions of <span
     83class="TRADEMARK">UNIX</span>. Most ports are also available as pre-compiled
     84&#8220;packages&#8221;, which can be quickly installed from the installation program.</p>
     85
     86</div>
     87
     88<div class="SECT2">
     89<hr />
     90<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN45" name="AEN45">1.2 Target Audience</a></h3>
     91
     92<p>This snapshot is aimed primarily at early adopters and various other users who want to
     93get involved with the ongoing development of FreeBSD. While the FreeBSD development team
     94tries its best to ensure that each snapshot works as advertised, 8-CURRENT is very much a
     95work-in-progress.</p>
     96
     97<p>The basic requirements for using this snapshot are technical proficiency with FreeBSD
     98and an understanding of the ongoing development process of FreeBSD 8-CURRENT (as
     99discussed on the <a href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-current"
     100target="_top">FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list</a>).</p>
     101
     102<p>For those more interested in doing business with FreeBSD than in experimenting with
     103new FreeBSD technology, formal releases (such as 7.0-RELEASE) are frequently more
     104appropriate. Releases undergo a period of testing and quality assurance checking to
     105ensure high reliability and dependability.</p>
     106
     107</div>
     108</div>
     109
     110<div class="SECT1">
     111<hr />
     112<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="OBTAIN" name="OBTAIN">2 Obtaining FreeBSD</a></h2>
     113
     114<p>FreeBSD may be obtained in a variety of ways. This section focuses on those ways that
     115are primarily useful for obtaining a complete FreeBSD distribution, rather than updating
     116an existing installation.</p>
     117
     118<div class="SECT2">
     119<hr />
     120<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN54" name="AEN54">2.1 CDROM and DVD</a></h3>
     121
     122<p>FreeBSD -RELEASE distributions may be ordered on CDROM or DVD from several publishers.
     123This is frequently the most convenient way to obtain FreeBSD for new installations, as it
     124provides a convenient way to quickly reinstall the system if necessary. Some
     125distributions include some of the optional, precompiled &#8220;packages&#8221; from the
     126FreeBSD Ports Collection, or other extra material.</p>
     127
     128<p>A list of the CDROM and DVD publishers known to the project are listed in the <a
     129href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors.html"
     130target="_top">&#8220;Obtaining FreeBSD&#8221;</a> appendix to the Handbook.</p>
     131</div>
     132
     133<div class="SECT2">
     134<hr />
     135<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN61" name="AEN61">2.2 FTP</a></h3>
     136
     137<p>You can use FTP to retrieve FreeBSD and any or all of its optional packages from <a
     138href="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/" target="_top">ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/</a>, which is the
     139official FreeBSD release site, or any of its &#8220;mirrors&#8221;.</p>
     140
     141<p>Lists of locations that mirror FreeBSD can be found in the <a
     142href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html"
     143target="_top">FTP Sites</a> section of the Handbook, or on the <a
     144href="http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/" target="_top">http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/</a>
     145Web pages. Finding a close (in networking terms) mirror from which to download the
     146distribution is highly recommended.</p>
     147
     148<p>Additional mirror sites are always welcome. Contact <code class="EMAIL">&#60;<a
     149href="mailto:freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org">freebsd-admin@FreeBSD.org</a>&#62;</code> for
     150more details on becoming an official mirror site. You can also find useful information
     151for mirror sites at the <a
     152href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/hubs/" target="_top">Mirroring
     153FreeBSD</a> article.</p>
     154
     155<p>Mirrors generally contain the ISO images generally used to create a CDROM of a FreeBSD
     156release. They usually also contain floppy disk images (for applicable platforms), as well
     157as the files necessary to do an installation over the network. Finally mirrors sites
     158usually contain a set of packages for the most current release.</p>
     159</div>
     160</div>
     161
     162<div class="SECT1">
     163<hr />
     164<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="CONTACTING" name="CONTACTING">3 Contacting the FreeBSD
     165Project</a></h2>
     166
     167<div class="SECT2">
     168<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN75" name="AEN75">3.1 Email and Mailing Lists</a></h3>
     169
     170<p>For any questions or general technical support issues, please send mail to the <a
     171href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-questions" target="_top">FreeBSD
     172general questions mailing list</a>.</p>
     173
     174<p>If you're tracking the 8-CURRENT development efforts, you <span class="emphasis"><i
     175class="EMPHASIS">must</i></span> join the <a
     176href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-current"
     177target="_top">FreeBSD-CURRENT mailing list</a>, in order to keep abreast of recent
     178developments and changes that may affect the way you use and maintain the system.</p>
     179
     180<p>Being a largely-volunteer effort, the FreeBSD Project is always happy to have extra
     181hands willing to help--there are already far more desired enhancements than there is time
     182to implement them. To contact the developers on technical matters, or with offers of
     183help, please send mail to the <a
     184href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-hackers" target="_top">FreeBSD
     185technical discussions mailing list</a>.</p>
     186
     187<p>Please note that these mailing lists can experience <span class="emphasis"><i
     188class="EMPHASIS">significant</i></span> amounts of traffic. If you have slow or expensive
     189mail access, or are only interested in keeping up with major FreeBSD events, you may find
     190it preferable to subscribe instead to the <a
     191href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-announce" target="_top">FreeBSD
     192announcements mailing list</a>.</p>
     193
     194<p>All of the mailing lists can be freely joined by anyone wishing to do so. Visit the <a
     195href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo" target="_top">FreeBSD Mailman Info
     196Page</a>. This will give you more information on joining the various lists, accessing
     197archives, etc. There are a number of mailing lists targeted at special interest groups
     198not mentioned here; more information can be obtained either from the Mailman pages or the
     199<a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/support.html#mailing-list" target="_top">mailing lists
     200section</a> of the FreeBSD Web site.</p>
     201
     202<div class="IMPORTANT">
     203<blockquote class="IMPORTANT">
     204<p><b>Important:</b> Do <span class="emphasis"><i class="EMPHASIS">not</i></span> send
     205email to the lists asking to be subscribed. Use the Mailman interface instead.</p>
     206
     207</blockquote>
     208</div>
     209</div>
     210
     211<div class="SECT2">
     212<hr />
     213<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN93" name="AEN93">3.2 Submitting Problem Reports</a></h3>
     214
     215<p>Suggestions, bug reports and contributions of code are always valued--please do not
     216hesitate to report any problems you may find. Bug reports with attached fixes are of
     217course even more welcome.</p>
     218
     219<p>The preferred method to submit bug reports from a machine with Internet mail
     220connectivity is to use the <a
     221href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=send-pr&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+8-current">
     222<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">send-pr</span>(1)</span></a>
     223
     224command. &#8220;Problem Reports&#8221; (PRs) submitted in this way will be filed and
     225their progress tracked; the FreeBSD developers will do their best to respond to all
     226reported bugs as soon as possible. <a
     227href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr-summary.cgi" target="_top">A list of all active
     228PRs</a> is available on the FreeBSD Web site; this list is useful to see what potential
     229problems other users have encountered.</p>
     230
     231<p>Note that <a
     232href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=send-pr&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+8-current">
     233<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">send-pr</span>(1)</span></a>
     234itself is a shell script that should be easy to move even onto a non-FreeBSD system.
     235Using this interface is highly preferred. If, for some reason, you are unable to use <a
     236href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=send-pr&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+8-current">
     237<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">send-pr</span>(1)</span></a> to
     238submit a bug report, you can try to send it to the <a
     239href="http://lists.FreeBSD.org/mailman/listinfo/freebsd-bugs" target="_top">FreeBSD
     240problem reports mailing list</a>.</p>
     241
     242<p>For more information, <a
     243href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/problem-reports/"
     244target="_top">&#8220;Writing FreeBSD Problem Reports&#8221;</a>, available on the FreeBSD
     245Web site, has a number of helpful hints on writing and submitting effective problem
     246reports.</p>
     247</div>
     248</div>
     249
     250<div class="SECT1">
     251<hr />
     252<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="SEEALSO" name="SEEALSO">4 Further Reading</a></h2>
     253
     254<p>There are many sources of information about FreeBSD; some are included with this
     255distribution, while others are available on-line or in print versions.</p>
     256
     257<div class="SECT2">
     258
     259<hr />
     260<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="RELEASE-DOCS" name="RELEASE-DOCS">4.1 Release
     261Documentation</a></h3>
     262
     263<p>A number of other files provide more specific information about this snapshot
     264distribution. These files are provided in various formats. Most distributions will
     265include both ASCII text (<tt class="FILENAME">.TXT</tt>) and HTML (<tt
     266class="FILENAME">.HTM</tt>) renditions. Some distributions may also include other formats
     267such as Portable Document Format (<tt class="FILENAME">.PDF</tt>).</p>
     268
     269<ul>
     270<li>
     271<p><tt class="FILENAME">README.TXT</tt>: This file, which gives some general information
     272about FreeBSD as well as some cursory notes about obtaining a distribution.</p>
     273
     274</li>
     275
     276<li>
     277<p><tt class="FILENAME">RELNOTES.TXT</tt>: The release notes, showing what's new and
     278different in FreeBSD 8.0-CURRENT compared to the previous release (FreeBSD
     2797.0-RELEASE).</p>
     280</li>
     281
     282<li>
     283<p><tt class="FILENAME">HARDWARE.TXT</tt>: The hardware compatibility list, showing
     284devices with which FreeBSD has been tested and is known to work.</p>
     285</li>
     286
     287<li>
     288<p><tt class="FILENAME">ERRATA.TXT</tt>: Release errata. Late-breaking, post-release
     289information can be found in this file, which is principally applicable to releases (as
     290opposed to snapshots). It is important to consult this file before installing a release
     291of FreeBSD, as it contains the latest information on problems which have been found and
     292fixed since the release was created.</p>
     293
     294</li>
     295</ul>
     296
     297<br />
     298<br />
     299<p>On platforms that support <a
     300href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysinstall&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+8-current">
     301<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sysinstall</span>(8)</span></a>
     302(currently amd64, i386, ia64, pc98, and sparc64), these documents are generally available
     303via the Documentation menu during installation. Once the system is installed, you can
     304revisit this menu by re-running the <a
     305href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysinstall&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+8-current">
     306<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">sysinstall</span>(8)</span></a>
     307utility.</p>
     308
     309<div class="NOTE">
     310<blockquote class="NOTE">
     311<p><b>Note:</b> It is extremely important to read the errata for any given release before
     312installing it, to learn about any &#8220;late-breaking news&#8221; or post-release
     313problems. The errata file accompanying each release (most likely right next to this file)
     314is already out of date by definition, but other copies are kept updated on the Internet
     315and should be consulted as the &#8220;current errata&#8221; for this release. These other
     316copies of the errata are located at <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/"
     317target="_top">http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/</a> (as well as any sites which keep
     318up-to-date mirrors of this location).</p>
     319</blockquote>
     320
     321</div>
     322</div>
     323
     324<div class="SECT2">
     325<hr />
     326<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN147" name="AEN147">4.2 Manual Pages</a></h3>
     327
     328<p>As with almost all <span class="TRADEMARK">UNIX</span> like operating systems, FreeBSD
     329comes with a set of on-line manual pages, accessed through the <a
     330href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=man&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+8-current"><span
     331 class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">man</span>(1)</span></a> command or
     332through the <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi" target="_top">hypertext manual
     333pages gateway</a> on the FreeBSD Web site. In general, the manual pages provide
     334information on the different commands and APIs available to the FreeBSD user.</p>
     335
     336<p>In some cases, manual pages are written to give information on particular topics.
     337Notable examples of such manual pages are <a
     338href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tuning&sektion=7&manpath=FreeBSD+8-current">
     339<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">tuning</span>(7)</span></a> (a
     340guide to performance tuning), <a
     341href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=security&sektion=7&manpath=FreeBSD+8-current">
     342<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">security</span>(7)</span></a> (an
     343introduction to FreeBSD security), and <a
     344href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=style&sektion=9&manpath=FreeBSD+8-current">
     345<span class="CITEREFENTRY"><span class="REFENTRYTITLE">style</span>(9)</span></a> (a
     346style guide to kernel coding).</p>
     347
     348</div>
     349
     350<div class="SECT2">
     351<hr />
     352<h3 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN165" name="AEN165">4.3 Books and Articles</a></h3>
     353
     354<p>Two highly-useful collections of FreeBSD-related information, maintained by the
     355FreeBSD Project, are the FreeBSD Handbook and FreeBSD FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions
     356document). On-line versions of the <a
     357href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/"
     358target="_top">Handbook</a> and <a
     359href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/" target="_top">FAQ</a> are
     360always available from the <a href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/docs.html"
     361target="_top">FreeBSD Documentation page</a> or its mirrors. If you install the <tt
     362class="FILENAME">doc</tt> distribution set, you can use a Web browser to read the
     363Handbook and FAQ locally. In particular, note that the Handbook contains a step-by-step
     364guide to installing FreeBSD.</p>
     365
     366<p>A number of on-line books and articles, also maintained by the FreeBSD Project, cover
     367more-specialized, FreeBSD-related topics. This material spans a wide range of topics,
     368from effective use of the mailing lists, to dual-booting FreeBSD with other operating
     369systems, to guidelines for new committers. Like the Handbook and FAQ, these documents are
     370available from the FreeBSD Documentation Page or in the <tt class="FILENAME">doc</tt>
     371distribution set.</p>
     372
     373<p>A listing of other books and documents about FreeBSD can be found in the <a
     374href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/bibliography.html"
     375target="_top">bibliography</a> of the FreeBSD Handbook. Because of FreeBSD's strong <span
     376class="TRADEMARK">UNIX</span> heritage, many other articles and books written for <span
     377class="TRADEMARK">UNIX</span> systems are applicable as well, some of which are also
     378listed in the bibliography.</p>
     379
     380</div>
     381</div>
     382
     383<div class="SECT1">
     384<hr />
     385<h2 class="SECT1"><a id="ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS" name="ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS">5
     386Acknowledgments</a></h2>
     387
     388<p>FreeBSD represents the cumulative work of many hundreds, if not thousands, of
     389individuals from around the world who have worked countless hours to bring about this
     390snapshot. For a complete list of FreeBSD developers and contributors, please see <a
     391href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/contributors/"
     392target="_top">&#8220;Contributors to FreeBSD&#8221;</a> on the FreeBSD Web site or any of
     393its mirrors.</p>
     394
     395<p>Special thanks also go to the many thousands of FreeBSD users and testers all over the
     396world, without whom this snapshot simply would not have been possible.</p>
     397</div>
     398
     399</div>
     400
     401<hr />
     402<p align="center"><small>This file, and other release-related documents, can be
     403downloaded from <a
     404href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/snapshots/">http://www.FreeBSD.org/snapshots/</a>.</small></p>
     405
     406<p align="center"><small>For questions about FreeBSD, read the <a
     407href="http://www.FreeBSD.org/docs.html">documentation</a> before contacting &#60;<a
     408href="mailto:questions@FreeBSD.org">questions@FreeBSD.org</a>&#62;.</small></p>
     409
     410<p align="center"><small>All users of FreeBSD 8-CURRENT should subscribe to the &#60;<a
     411href="mailto:current@FreeBSD.org">current@FreeBSD.org</a>&#62; mailing list.</small></p>
     412
     413<p align="center"><small>For questions about this documentation, e-mail &#60;<a
     414href="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">doc@FreeBSD.org</a>&#62;.</small></p>
     415}}}
    31416
    32417== Starting Points ==